宁波车牌识别系统匠心厂

水泥砖机空心砌块生产中，挤出成型时经常产生各种缺陷，造成缺陷的原因有多种，每一种缺陷产生的原因各不相同，要分析其产生的原因并设法防御。

In the production of hollow brick masonry of cement brick machine, there are many kinds of defects in extrusion molding. There are many reasons for the defects. The reasons for each kind of defects are different. We should analyze the causes and try to defend them.

1.泥条烂角泥条四角出现裂口，裂口的尖端向后翻。主要原因是中间的泥料挤出速度快，一是可以把芯具的中间芯头加长，或在中间芯头后面的芯杆上套一段阻泥管以减小中部的进泥量；二是加大机口进料端四角的弧度，以扩大四周的进泥量。

1. there is a crack in the four corners of the mud bar, and the tip of the crack is turned back. The main reason is that the intermediate debris has a fast extrusion speed, the first is to lengthen the middle core of the core, or to set up a section of mud pipe on the core of the middle core to reduce the mud intake in the middle, and two is to increase the four angles of the inlet end of the entrance to expand the volume of the mud.

2.泥条烂心泥条中心开花，向四周翻卷，挤机的泥条明显中间凸出。主要是中间的泥料挤机速度快。一是可以把芯具的中间芯头加长，或在中间芯头后面的芯杆上套一段阻泥管以减小中部的进泥量；二是加大机口进料端四角的弧度，以扩大四周的进泥量。

2. the mud is rotten and the center is blooming and winding around. The mud bar of the extruder is obviously bulging out in the middle. Mainly the middle of the mud squeezing speed. First, the middle core of the core can be lengthened, or a piece of mud pipe is set on the core rod behind the middle core to reduce the mud intake in the middle, and the two is to increase the arc of the four angles of the inlet end of the entrance to enlarge the mud intake around the core.

3.泥条弯曲一是泥条出机口时就向一侧弯曲，砖坯外壁一边厚，一边薄。主要原因是机口、芯具、泥缸和螺旋铰刀不在同一个中心上，应进行校正。二是泥条呈之字形前进，凹下的地方有时被拉坏。主要原因是砖机的挤机螺旋铰刀的主叶和副叶的顶端不齐，或者是副叶磨损严重，应对螺旋铰刀的主叶和副叶进行修理或更换。

3. when the mud bar is out of the mouth, it is bent to one side, and the outer side of the brick is thick and thin. The main reason is that the machine mouth, core tools, mud cylinders and spiral reamers are not in the same center, and they should be corrected. The two is the zigzag progression of the mud bar, sometimes the concave place is pulled down. The main reason is that the top of the main and secondary leaves of the extruder screw reamer of the brick machine is not homogeneous, or the secondary leaves are badly worn, which should be repaired or replaced by the main and secondary leaves of the spiral reamer.

4.泥条变形主要是因为泥条强度不够，成型水分过高，应对成型水分进行调整。

4. the deformation of the mud bar is mainly due to the insufficient strength of the mud bar, too high moisture content and the adjustment of the molding water.

5.泥条横向断裂纹造成泥条横向断裂主要有两个原因。一是成型水分太低，应对成型水分进行调整；二是原料的塑性指数太低，应强化对原料的处理，如降低原料的破碎粒度，增加原料的陈化时间，对原料进行碾炼等以提高原料的塑性指数。

5. there are two main reasons for transverse fracture of mud bar caused by transverse stripe. The first is that the forming moisture is too low to adjust the forming moisture. Two, the plastic index of raw materials is too low. It is necessary to strengthen the treatment of raw materials, such as reducing the particle size of raw materials, increasing the aging time of raw materials, and grinding the raw materials to improve the plastic index of the raw materials.

6.泥条产生锯齿裂纹造成产生锯齿裂纹主要有以下原因。一是机口第二层转角处一侧或两侧水路缝隙太大，润滑水过多，产生有水小齿裂纹；二是机口最后两层缺水，前面一层又来水过多，则产生有水大齿裂纹；三是仅机口第二层转角处缺水，产生无水小齿裂纹；四是转角处各层全部缺水，则将产生无水大齿裂纹；四是转角处各层全部缺水，则将产生无水大齿裂纹。应根据具体情况，按其相应位置调整水路。

6. the serrated cracks produced by the mud bar are mainly caused by the following reasons. The first is that there are too much crevice in one or two waterways at second corners of the machine mouth, too much water in the waterway, too much water to produce a crack in water teeth; two is the last two layers of water in the mouth of the machine, and the water is too much in the front of the front layer, and there is a big tooth crack in the front, and three is the water shortage in the corner of the second layers of the machine, and the four is the all layers at the corner. If there is water shortage, there will be cracks in the big teeth without water. The four is that all the corners of the corner are all short of water, and then there will be cracks in the water free big teeth. The waterway should be adjusted according to the specific circumstances.

7.泥条孔洞变形一是孔洞缩小，可能是芯头磨损严重或缩进机口太多，应更换或调整。二是孔洞移位，可能是芯杆歪斜或太细，应调正芯杆或更换。三是个别孔洞中间开花，向四周翻出。原因是该芯头的大头平面超出了机口出泥端的平面，应用螺帽把芯头压进去一点。四是孔洞坍塌变形，是因为泥料太软，应调整成型水分。

7. the deformation of the hole in the mud bar is the shrinkage of the hole, possibly due to serious wear of the core or too much indentation. The two is the displacement of the hole. It may be the core bar is skewed or too thin. It should adjust the core rod or replace it. Three, the individual holes are blooming in the middle and turn around. The reason is that the large head plane of the core head is beyond the plane of the outlet side of the machine mouth, and the nut is pressed into a bit with a nut. The four is the collapse of the hole because the material is too soft and should be adjusted to form moisture.

8.泥条孔洞内部出现鱼鳞裂纹一是裂纹出现在几乎所有孔洞中，主要原因是芯头表面粗糙或设计不合理，锥度不合适，四周阻力严重不平衡，或泥料太干、太硬造成的。二是仅个别孔洞出现，则只是该芯头的问题，应打磨光洁或修改芯头设计。

8. the crack in the hole inside the hole of the mud bar is a crack in almost all holes. The main reason is that the surface of the core is rough or the design is not reasonable, the taper is not suitable, the surrounding resistance is seriously unbalanced, or the mud is too dry and too hard. Two, only the appearance of individual holes is only the problem of the core, and should be polished or modified.

9.泥条两顶面产生纵向裂纹造成泥条两顶面产生纵向裂纹（芯架裂纹）主要原因是泥料的二次结合不良。为了保证泥料的二次结合良好，防止出现芯架烈纹，应使芯具的大刀片末端到机口的出口平面有一个合理的长度，即“愈合长度”。愈合长度应随机口的净出泥量的增多而加长，塑性指数差的原料其愈合长度也应越长。

The longitudinal cracks on the top surface of the 9. mud bar and the two top surface lead to longitudinal cracks on the two top of the mud bar (core frame cracks), mainly due to the poor combination of the two materials. In order to ensure the two combination of the mud and prevent the emergence of the core frame, it should make the end of the core with a reasonable length to the outlet plane of the port, that is, "healing length". The healing length should be lengthened by the increase of net output of random mouth, and the healing length of raw materials with poor plasticity index should be longer.

10.泥条中间凹进挤出的泥条明显中间凹进。主要是中间泥料挤机速度慢造成的。可适当把芯具的中间芯头减短，或减小中部的阻泥锥以增大中部的进泥量。

10. the mud bar extruded in the middle of the mud bar is obviously concave in the middle. It is mainly caused by the slow speed of the middle debris. The core of the core can be shortened or the mud cone can be reduced to increase the amount of mud in the middle.